Butte-aux-Cailles
The Butte-aux-Cailles Paris is a historic district located in the western part of the 13th district. It is included in the administrative district called district of the White House.
History
Originally, it is a hill covered with meadows and woods, built several windmills and overlooking the Bièvre 62 meters. The Butte-aux-Cailles named after Pierre Caille, who acquired it in 1543.
In the seventeenth century, mining shelly limestone is practiced, but the many industrial activities using water of the Bievre, such as dyeing, tanneries, laundries, tanneries, and even butchers, made this slum.
In 1784-1785, the wall of the farmers general is built north of the hill, on the route of the current Boulevard Auguste-Blanqui, leaving the Butte-aux-Cailles outside the capital, but the suburb is now the city gates.
July 3, 1815, when the capitulation of Paris, after the Battle of Issy, the hill was defended by two howitzers and 16 canons.
In 1860, the Butte, which belonged to the municipality of Gentilly, Paris joined the territory of that annex the surrounding communes in part or in whole.
From 1828 to 1910 the city of Paris is carrying out work to cover the Bievre, and Butte gradually taking its present appearance in the early twentieth century, remaining a village of the last century in the heart of Paris: the Second Empire work has spared this suburb which continued urbanization regardless of Haussmann guns.
This feature is due to limestone quarries that still allow heavy building construction today after costly injections career empty. However, the land is becoming more and more rare and therefore more expensive in Paris, almost all empty now has been backfilled or injected. The old quarries are also more easily accessible to cataphiles than in the past. The presence of quarries under the Butte make weight restrictions on vehicles here necessary.
Based on an idea of François Arago who wanted to feed the water district and dump the surplus in Bièvre to become insufficient flow, drilling an artesian well is decided by decree of the prefect Haussmann dated June 19, 18637. The work began in August 28, 1866, and started with the erection of a tower of to use a wooden drill.
Before the technical difficulties, the work was interrupted in 1872 and only the wooden tower, abandoned, remains as a witness to the attempt on the Place du Puits-since renamed Artesian place Paul Verlaine. Resumed in 1893 under the direction of engineer Paulin Arrault8, water collected at 582 m depth finally gushes out in November 1903, at the temperature of 28 ° C and a flow rate of 6000 m3 per day. At that time, the Bievre was already in the landfill, and it was no longer there to pour water from artesian wells. It was only in 1924 during the construction of the nearby swimming pool of the Butte-aux-Cailles that it was fueled by the quality of water. In 2000, the well is dug deeper, up to 620 mètres6.
Events
1783 November 21: the first flight "official" in Rozier Pilâtre of ballooning and Marquis Arlandes landed on the corner of present streets and Bobillot Vandrezanne.
1871 24 and May 25: Battle of the Butte-aux-Cailles. During the Paris Commune, the "Federated of the Butte-aux-Cailles", controlled by Walery Wroblewski repel four times the Versailles troops. Place de la Commune de Paris, on the corner of streets Buot and Hope, perpetuates the memory of that May.
Buildings, monuments and remarkable places
Telecom ParisTech (formerly National School of Telecommunications), which occupies the space between the streets Barrault, Vergniaud, and Daviel Tolbiac, on the western slope. At the high school time Post & Telegraphs (PTSD), she joined in 1934 by the local factory released Noblet gloves, as evidenced by the logo consisting of N and C two inverted several times repeated on the façade Barrault Street.
On the main façade at No. 46 of the rue Barrault, we see a relief dated 1962 and by the sculptor Felix Joffre (1903-1989) and architect Marcel Chappey. It features the following inscription: "Man through the ages using the elemental forces for transmissions." Six characters are symbolically each use a form of remote transmission: sight, pigeons, trumpet, fire - probably as smoke signals - the claps hands and cry.
Just steps away, always on the main facade, but at No. 42, another smaller relief, due to the same sculptor, bears the inscription "From the Earth to the cosmos" and represents human footprints and several stars.
Other monuments:
The pool of the Butte-aux-Cailles.
Place Paul Verlaine, with its fountain of artesian water reclamation in 2001, and its monuments to Bobillot sergeant and the first human balloon flight.
On the square, the Square Henri-Rousselle, of the name of the president of the council of the Seine, adorned with his bronze bust due to Denis Saula9.
The Church of St. Anne in the Butte-aux-Cailles, at 188 rue de Tolbiac.
Ecole Estienne graphic arts and printing in 18-Auguste Blanqui Boulevard.
The temple Antoinist at the intersection of rue Vergniaud and Wurtz Street, built in 1913.
A Wallace fountain on the square of the Commune de Paris.
Little Alsace, Daviel street, group of small half-timbered houses.
Of workers' houses from the early twentieth century and their tiny gardens.
The theater's Five Diamond in the street of the same name (rue des Cinq-Diamonds), due to an old teaches jeweler.
Graffiti of the visual artist Miss. Tic in the streets of Five Diamonds: a series of stencils found on the front of two cafes.
