Salamanca

Spain

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Appearance

Known throughout Spain as "The Golden City" because of its honey-colored sandstone.

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Districts

• Distrito de Los Pobres (Poor District)
• Distrito de Cathedral (Cathedral District)
• Distrito de Judio (Jewish District)
• Distrito de Market
• Distrito Universidad

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Economy

The economy of Salamanca is based around the north-south travel route from Emerita Augusta to Augusta Astorgia known as the Via de la Plata. There is a thriving trade here from all the people moving through. There are numerous Inns, hostels and Way-houses here. Most of the craftsmen are Wagoners,

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Geography

The city lies on the banks of the Tormes river, a major left-bank tributary of the Douro. It is also part of the Vía de la Plata, an ancient S–N path in Western Spain. It is situated approximately 200 kilometres (120 miles) west of the Spanish capital Madrid

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History

The city originates as a Celtiberian fort of the pre-Roman period, built by the Vaccaei or the Vettones as one of a pair of forts to defend their territory near the Duero river. In 220 BC Hannibal laid siege to the fort and captured it. With the fall of the Carthaginians to the Romans, the city of Helmantica, as it was known, began to take more importance as a commercial hub in the Roman Hispania Lusitania due to its favorable location on a Roman road, known as the Vía de la Plata, which connected it with Emerita Augusta (present day Mérida) to the south and Asturica Augusta (present-day Astorga) to the north. Salamanca's Tormes bridge, built in the 1st century, was a part of this road.

The origin of the name is unknown. Polybius calls it Helmantike, while Ptolemy has Salmatike. Titus Livius and Plutarchus have Hermandica and Salmatike, respectively. Polyaenus has Salmantida or Salmatis. In a foundational myth, the city was associated with Teucer, mythological king of Salamis.

With the fall of the Roman Empire, the Alans established in Lusitania. Later the city was conquered by the Visigoths and included in their territory. The city was already an episcopal see, and signatures of bishops of Salamanca are found in the Councils of Toledo.

Salamanca surrendered to the Umayyad invasion, led by Musa bin Nusair, in 712 AD. The area from this city on the Tormes River north to the Duero River then became the main battlefield between the Christian kingdoms and the Muslim Al-Andalus rulers. The constant fighting of the Kingdom of León, later reinforced by union with the Kingdom of Castile, against the Caliphate depopulated Salamanca and reduced it to an unimportant settlement. After the battle of Simancas (939) the Christians resettled this area. After the 1085 seizure of Toledo by Alfonso VI of León and Castile, the definitive resettlement of the city took place. Raymond of Burgundy, instructed by his father-in-law Alfonso VI of León, led a group of settlers of various origins in 1102.

One of the most important moments in Salamanca's history was the year 1218, when Alfonso IX of León granted a royal charter to the University of Salamanca, although formal teaching had existed at least since 1130. Soon it became one of the most significant and prestigious academic centers in Europe.

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Population

• -- City (343,000) - Dated 1390 census

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Education

•  : University of Salamanca

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Vampires of the City

• Aldara Nicolau Rocha
• Xesús Xaime Pereiro
• Maximillian Papillion Romero

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Websites

• http://www.bobcatsworld.com/genclass/Old%20English%20Trade%20names%20and%20descriptions.pdf

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